1 00:00:19,552 --> 00:00:20,553 So this is a fun one. 2 00:00:20,553 --> 00:00:21,988 It's a chance to celebrate. 3 00:00:21,988 --> 00:00:24,958 We've been in space doing science for two years now, 4 00:00:25,258 --> 00:00:27,927 and this is a penguin and an egg. 5 00:00:27,927 --> 00:00:29,295 Really, it's a galaxy. 6 00:00:29,295 --> 00:00:32,198 It's two galaxies that are merging that have, 7 00:00:32,198 --> 00:00:35,201 that have done what galaxies are doing all the time. 8 00:00:35,402 --> 00:00:39,973 Merging, exchanging stars eventually will turn into one much bigger galaxy. 9 00:00:40,206 --> 00:00:40,774 So it's neat. 10 00:00:40,774 --> 00:00:43,209 It looks like, you know, when we look out into space, 11 00:00:43,209 --> 00:00:46,212 sometimes we see familiar things from home. 12 00:00:57,090 --> 00:00:59,526 I am so gratified that in the first two years 13 00:00:59,526 --> 00:01:04,464 we've done what we said we would do, which is look back to the most distant 14 00:01:04,464 --> 00:01:08,034 as far back as we can see and see back to a time 15 00:01:08,034 --> 00:01:11,371 when galaxies were really young, when the universe was really young. 16 00:01:11,738 --> 00:01:14,207 We've done that. That's what we built the telescope to do. 17 00:01:14,207 --> 00:01:14,941 It's working. 18 00:01:14,941 --> 00:01:18,978 We've been able to show that galaxies formed very quickly, 19 00:01:18,978 --> 00:01:22,849 very rapidly in the early universe when when galaxies 20 00:01:22,849 --> 00:01:25,185 like our own got started, they did it with vigor. 21 00:01:25,185 --> 00:01:26,352 They did it quickly. 22 00:01:26,352 --> 00:01:27,821 They formed black holes. 23 00:01:27,821 --> 00:01:29,656 We know those black holes are ubiquitous. 24 00:01:29,656 --> 00:01:32,325 They're they're everywhere and we know the galaxies. 25 00:01:32,325 --> 00:01:35,061 So we didn't know that before Webb. And now we do. 26 00:01:45,572 --> 00:01:47,907 The Webb telescope is doing fantastic. 27 00:01:47,907 --> 00:01:49,476 We've gotten through two years. 28 00:01:49,476 --> 00:01:52,479 We expect to have many more years with this telescope. 29 00:01:52,545 --> 00:01:56,249 What I'm looking forward to in particular, are the discoveries 30 00:01:56,249 --> 00:01:59,919 that are coming in about planets orbiting other stars, exoplanets. 31 00:02:00,386 --> 00:02:02,489 We've studied a bunch of exoplanets. 32 00:02:02,489 --> 00:02:06,292 We've studied big ones like Jupiter and Saturn, And looking at 33 00:02:06,292 --> 00:02:07,827 what their atmospheres are made of. 34 00:02:07,827 --> 00:02:11,030 So we're doing chemistry, but on another planet, we're 35 00:02:11,030 --> 00:02:14,434 also studying planets that are small and rocky, like our own. 36 00:02:14,834 --> 00:02:18,204 And we're trying to find planets like that that may have atmospheres. 37 00:02:18,204 --> 00:02:19,739 That's really challenging. 38 00:02:19,739 --> 00:02:22,876 And it's forcing us to use the telescope right at the limits 39 00:02:22,876 --> 00:02:25,879 of what it can do. 40 00:02:34,354 --> 00:02:35,421 So the Webb telescope 41 00:02:35,421 --> 00:02:38,424 looks at a tiny piece of the sky at once. 42 00:02:38,758 --> 00:02:42,729 You know, we we find one little piece, and then we zoom in with a laser focus. 43 00:02:43,229 --> 00:02:45,365 And but we had to know where to point. 44 00:02:45,365 --> 00:02:50,436 And so there are other telescopes that see large parts of the sky 45 00:02:50,436 --> 00:02:55,441 at once, like NASA's upcoming Roman Space Telescope, that do these big surveys. 46 00:02:55,441 --> 00:02:59,379 And they find rare things like quasars and merging galaxies 47 00:02:59,379 --> 00:03:00,747 like this release image. 48 00:03:00,747 --> 00:03:02,982 And they tell us what we should go look at. 49 00:03:02,982 --> 00:03:06,352 And so Webb works in partnership with those survey telescopes. 50 00:03:06,686 --> 00:03:08,955 And then it also works in partnership with telescopes 51 00:03:08,955 --> 00:03:12,825 that see other kinds of light, light like X-rays, like the Chandra, 52 00:03:12,825 --> 00:03:16,663 the Space Space Observatory, the light that's too blue for Hubble, 53 00:03:16,663 --> 00:03:19,666 that's ultraviolet or optical, like the Hubble Space Telescope. 54 00:03:19,866 --> 00:03:22,602 So it's I think about it like a baseball team. 55 00:03:22,602 --> 00:03:26,206 These telescopes have different skills and they all work together to tell 56 00:03:26,206 --> 00:03:27,006 us what's out there. 57 00:03:36,883 --> 00:03:38,218 So if you want to learn more 58 00:03:38,218 --> 00:03:42,589 go to nasa.gov/Webb with two b’s in Webb. 59 00:03:53,733 --> 00:03:55,368 One of the neatest things about space 60 00:03:55,368 --> 00:03:58,371 is that when you look back into space, you're looking back into time. 61 00:03:58,705 --> 00:04:01,941 And normally in our everyday lives, lives so we can't see far enough 62 00:04:01,941 --> 00:04:04,043 for that to be useful. Right? 63 00:04:04,043 --> 00:04:07,146 And but you know, the best we can do with our eyes 64 00:04:07,146 --> 00:04:11,251 is maybe see galaxies that are, you know, millions of years light years away. 65 00:04:11,784 --> 00:04:15,788 But with a telescope like Webb, we are looking so far out into space 66 00:04:16,155 --> 00:04:19,726 that that light has been traveling from that distant galaxy to us 67 00:04:19,926 --> 00:04:21,928 for most of the age of the universe. 68 00:04:21,928 --> 00:04:24,998 So when we look back into space, we're looking back in a time. 69 00:04:25,398 --> 00:04:29,168 And Webb has now found galaxies that we are seeing as they looked 70 00:04:29,502 --> 00:04:33,172 when the universe was only about 300 million years old. 71 00:04:33,740 --> 00:04:36,909 The universe is now 13.8 billion years old. 72 00:04:37,176 --> 00:04:39,312 So we're seeing back almost to the edge. 73 00:04:39,312 --> 00:04:41,414 We're seeing galaxies. When they were babies.