1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:04,971 NASA is celebrating Hubble’s 35th birthday 2 00:00:04,971 --> 00:00:07,340 with an assortment of breathtaking images   3 00:00:07,340 --> 00:00:10,276 recently taken by the space telescope:  4 00:00:10,276 --> 00:00:11,911 stretching from the planet Mars,  5 00:00:11,911 --> 00:00:14,681 to spectacular star-forming regions,  6 00:00:14,681 --> 00:00:18,051 to a magnificent neighboring galaxy. 7 00:00:18,051 --> 00:00:24,057 The first birthday image shows  the planetary nebula NGC 2899,   8 00:00:24,057 --> 00:00:27,193 located about 4,500 light-years away 9 00:00:27,193 --> 00:00:31,197 in the southern constellation Vela. A hot white dwarf,   10 00:00:31,197 --> 00:00:34,734 possibly with companion stars, drives powerful 11 00:00:34,734 --> 00:00:39,272 outflows of gas that shape the nebula’s bipolar structure. 12 00:00:39,272 --> 00:00:42,809 Gaseous pillars point back toward  the source of radiation 13 00:00:42,809 --> 00:00:44,210 and stellar winds,  14 00:00:44,210 --> 00:00:49,182 and the vivid colors come from  glowing hydrogen and oxygen. 15 00:00:49,182 --> 00:00:56,122 Hubble also captured a detailed face-on view of galaxy NGC 5335. 16 00:00:56,122 --> 00:00:58,792 Unlike typical spiral galaxies,  17 00:00:58,792 --> 00:01:01,961 it lacks well-defined arms and features a 18 00:01:01,961 --> 00:01:05,231 prominent bar stretching across its center.  19 00:01:05,231 --> 00:01:10,637 This bar funnels gas toward the core, fueling star formation. 20 00:01:10,637 --> 00:01:12,872 Bars can appear and fade over  21 00:01:12,872 --> 00:01:17,110 billions of years, and they’re found in about 30 percent of galaxies, 22 00:01:17,110 --> 00:01:19,746 including our own Milky Way. 23 00:01:19,746 --> 00:01:24,250 This Hubble image captures a small section of the Rosette Nebula, 24 00:01:24,250 --> 00:01:28,188 a vast star-forming region 100 light-years across 25 00:01:28,188 --> 00:01:31,291 and located 5,200 light-years away. 26 00:01:31,291 --> 00:01:35,028 Hubble zooms in on a 4-light-year-wide slice, 27 00:01:35,028 --> 00:01:38,832 revealing dark hydrogen clouds laced with dust. 28 00:01:38,832 --> 00:01:41,434 These clouds are being sculpted by intense 29 00:01:41,434 --> 00:01:46,272 radiation from a cluster of massive stars at the nebula’s center. 30 00:01:46,272 --> 00:01:48,374 In the upper right, a young star  31 00:01:48,374 --> 00:01:51,845 at the tip of a dark cloud shoots out plasma jets 32 00:01:51,845 --> 00:01:54,948 that slam into surrounding gas, creating 33 00:01:54,948 --> 00:01:57,317 a glowing red shock wave. 34 00:01:57,317 --> 00:02:02,388 The colors in the image come from hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. 35 00:02:02,388 --> 00:02:06,426 The final anniversary images show two sides of Mars 36 00:02:06,426 --> 00:02:09,496 from about 61 million miles away.  37 00:02:09,496 --> 00:02:14,033 Ultraviolet light reveals thin water-ice clouds, 38 00:02:14,033 --> 00:02:16,503 giving the red planet a frosty look. 39 00:02:16,503 --> 00:02:21,841 The icy northern polar cap is entering  spring. At the 10 o’clock position,   40 00:02:21,841 --> 00:02:26,513 the giant volcano Olympus Mons rises above the clouds, 41 00:02:26,513 --> 00:02:29,582 towering 70,000 feet high,  42 00:02:29,582 --> 00:02:33,186 or 2.5 times taller than Mt. Everest. 43 00:02:33,186 --> 00:02:37,590 The dark streak near center-left is Valles Marineris,   44 00:02:37,590 --> 00:02:41,327 a 2,500-mile-long canyon system. 45 00:02:41,327 --> 00:02:46,299 On the right, high-altitude evening clouds hug the eastern limb,   46 00:02:46,299 --> 00:02:52,539 while the 1,400-mile-wide Hellas  Basin lies far to the south. 47 00:02:52,539 --> 00:02:57,343 Because Hubble orbits above Earth’s  atmosphere, it can give us these clear   48 00:02:57,343 --> 00:03:00,346 views of the many wonders in our universe. 49 00:03:00,346 --> 00:03:03,750 For 35 years, the Hubble Space Telescope has   50 00:03:03,750 --> 00:03:06,019 transformed our view of the universe 51 00:03:06,019 --> 00:03:09,722 and deepened our understanding of our place within it. 52 00:03:09,722 --> 00:03:13,092 From refining the estimated age of the cosmos 53 00:03:13,092 --> 00:03:15,828 to measuring how quickly it’s expanding,  54 00:03:15,828 --> 00:03:19,899 Hubble has helped answer some of  astronomy’s biggest questions. 55 00:03:19,899 --> 00:03:25,271 Its deep field images allow us to  peer across billions of light-years,   56 00:03:25,271 --> 00:03:28,708 revealing galaxies in their earliest stages:   57 00:03:28,708 --> 00:03:31,611 snapshots we can compare to the Milky Way 58 00:03:31,611 --> 00:03:34,380 to learn more about our own galactic history.  59 00:03:34,380 --> 00:03:37,517 Hubble also continues to explore activity within 60 00:03:37,517 --> 00:03:39,986 our own solar system and beyond,  61 00:03:39,986 --> 00:03:44,357 capturing details of distant planets, stars, and systems 62 00:03:44,357 --> 00:03:46,960 throughout the galaxy and the universe. 63 00:03:46,960 --> 00:03:49,796 Its scientific capabilities are used jointly 64 00:03:49,796 --> 00:03:52,865 and collaboratively with those of other telescopes   65 00:03:52,865 --> 00:03:54,867 on the ground and in space, 66 00:03:54,867 --> 00:03:57,570 including the James Webb Space Telescope, 67 00:03:57,570 --> 00:03:59,872 the Chandra X-ray Observatory, 68 00:03:59,872 --> 00:04:02,909 the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, 69 00:04:02,909 --> 00:04:05,678 the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission,  70 00:04:05,678 --> 00:04:08,481 and the upcoming Roman Space Telescope, 71 00:04:08,481 --> 00:04:12,218 ensuring cutting edge science and discovery. 72 00:04:12,218 --> 00:04:14,721 Thanks to five astronaut servicing missions 73 00:04:14,721 --> 00:04:18,291 and ongoing support from expert teams on the ground,   74 00:04:18,291 --> 00:04:20,426 Hubble remains in excellent health 75 00:04:20,426 --> 00:04:22,562 and is expected to deliver groundbreaking   76 00:04:22,562 --> 00:04:26,699 science for years to come. Explore more about Hubble’s   77 00:04:26,699 --> 00:05:00,566 discoveries at nasa.gov/hubble and  follow along on social media @NASAHubble.