GEOS-FP Near Surface Wind Speed

Weather models begin their forecasts by integrating observations from ground stations, aircraft, balloons, and a growing constellation of Earth observing satellites to estimate the most realistic atmospheric state. The Goddard Earth Observing System Forward Processing (GEOS-FP) system is a research model maintained by NASA’s Global Modeling and Assimilation Office to demonstrate innovative new ways to use satellite data to improve predictions of weather, air quality, and greenhouse gases and to help NASA collect new observations of our home planet.


Near surface wind speed is calculated by sampling model fields at 10 meters (about 30 feet) above Earth’s surface. Wind speed is typically largest over ocean because surfaces are smooth and result in less friction than over land. Organized patterns reflect weather fronts and storm systems around the world. Near surface winds help scientists track the movement and severity of storms and air pollution episodes. Increasingly, these kinds of products help wind energy managers plan resources to help meet the world’s demand for energy while reducing the greenhouse gas emissions that cause climate change.

See https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/GMAO_products/NRT_products.php